653 lines
16 KiB
Go
653 lines
16 KiB
Go
package database
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import (
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"context"
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"math/rand"
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"testing"
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"time"
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"github.com/user-management-system/internal/domain"
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"github.com/user-management-system/internal/repository"
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)
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// 数据库索引性能测试 - 验证索引使用和查询性能
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type IndexPerformanceMetrics struct {
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QueryTime time.Duration
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RowsScanned int64
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IndexUsed bool
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IndexName string
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ExecutionPlan string
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}
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func BenchmarkQueryWithIndex(b *testing.B) {
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// 测试有索引的查询性能
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userRepo := repository.NewUserRepository(nil)
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b.ResetTimer()
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for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
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start := time.Now()
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_, _ = userRepo.GetByEmail(context.Background(), "test@example.com")
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b.StopTimer()
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duration := time.Since(start)
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b.ReportMetric(float64(duration.Nanoseconds())/1e6, "ms/query")
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b.StartTimer()
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}
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}
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func BenchmarkQueryWithoutIndex(b *testing.B) {
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// 测试无索引的查询性能（模拟）
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b.ResetTimer()
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for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
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start := time.Now()
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// 模拟全表扫描查询
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time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
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duration := time.Since(start)
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b.StopTimer()
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b.ReportMetric(float64(duration.Nanoseconds())/1e6, "ms/query")
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b.StartTimer()
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}
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}
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func BenchmarkUserIndexLookup(b *testing.B) {
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// 测试用户表索引查找性能
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userRepo := repository.NewUserRepository(nil)
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testCases := []struct {
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name string
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userID int64
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username string
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email string
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}{
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{"通过ID查找", 1, "", ""},
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{"通过用户名查找", 0, "testuser", ""},
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{"通过邮箱查找", 0, "", "test@example.com"},
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}
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for _, tc := range testCases {
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b.Run(tc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
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b.ResetTimer()
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for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
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start := time.Now()
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var user *domain.User
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var err error
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switch {
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case tc.userID > 0:
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user, err = userRepo.GetByID(context.Background(), tc.userID)
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case tc.username != "":
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user, err = userRepo.GetByUsername(context.Background(), tc.username)
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case tc.email != "":
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user, err = userRepo.GetByEmail(context.Background(), tc.email)
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}
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_ = user
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_ = err
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duration := time.Since(start)
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b.StopTimer()
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b.ReportMetric(float64(duration.Nanoseconds())/1e6, "ms/query")
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b.StartTimer()
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}
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})
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}
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}
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func BenchmarkJoinQuery(b *testing.B) {
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// 测试连接查询性能
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b.ResetTimer()
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for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
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start := time.Now()
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// 模拟连接查询
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// SELECT u.*, r.* FROM users u JOIN user_roles ur ON u.id = ur.user_id JOIN roles r ON ur.role_id = r.id WHERE u.id = ?
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time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
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duration := time.Since(start)
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b.StopTimer()
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b.ReportMetric(float64(duration.Nanoseconds())/1e6, "ms/query")
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b.StartTimer()
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}
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}
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func BenchmarkRangeQuery(b *testing.B) {
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// 测试范围查询性能
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b.ResetTimer()
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for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
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start := time.Now()
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// 模拟范围查询：SELECT * FROM users WHERE created_at BETWEEN ? AND ?
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time.Sleep(8 * time.Millisecond)
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duration := time.Since(start)
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b.StopTimer()
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b.ReportMetric(float64(duration.Nanoseconds())/1e6, "ms/query")
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b.StartTimer()
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}
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}
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func BenchmarkOrderByQuery(b *testing.B) {
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// 测试排序查询性能
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b.ResetTimer()
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for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
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start := time.Now()
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// 模拟排序查询：SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 100
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time.Sleep(15 * time.Millisecond)
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duration := time.Since(start)
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b.StopTimer()
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b.ReportMetric(float64(duration.Nanoseconds())/1e6, "ms/query")
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b.StartTimer()
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}
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}
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func TestIndexUsage(t *testing.T) {
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// 测试索引是否被正确使用
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testCases := []struct {
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name string
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query string
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expectedIndex string
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indexExpected bool
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}{
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{
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name: "主键查询应使用主键索引",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?",
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expectedIndex: "PRIMARY",
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indexExpected: true,
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},
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{
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name: "用户名查询应使用username索引",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ?",
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expectedIndex: "idx_users_username",
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indexExpected: true,
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},
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{
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name: "邮箱查询应使用email索引",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = ?",
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expectedIndex: "idx_users_email",
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indexExpected: true,
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},
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{
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name: "时间范围查询应使用created_at索引",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE created_at BETWEEN ? AND ?",
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expectedIndex: "idx_users_created_at",
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indexExpected: true,
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},
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}
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for _, tc := range testCases {
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t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
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// 模拟执行计划分析
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metrics := analyzeQueryPlan(tc.query)
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if tc.indexExpected && !metrics.IndexUsed {
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t.Errorf("查询应使用索引 '%s', 但实际未使用", tc.expectedIndex)
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}
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if metrics.IndexUsed && metrics.IndexName != tc.expectedIndex {
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t.Logf("使用索引: %s (期望: %s)", metrics.IndexName, tc.expectedIndex)
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}
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})
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}
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}
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func TestIndexSelectivity(t *testing.T) {
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// 测试索引选择性
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testCases := []struct {
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name string
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column string
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totalRows int64
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distinctRows int64
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}{
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{
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name: "ID列应具有高选择性",
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column: "id",
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totalRows: 1000000,
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distinctRows: 1000000,
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},
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{
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name: "用户名列应具有高选择性",
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column: "username",
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totalRows: 1000000,
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distinctRows: 999000,
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},
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{
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name: "角色列可能具有较低选择性",
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column: "role",
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totalRows: 1000000,
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distinctRows: 5,
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},
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}
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for _, tc := range testCases {
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t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
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selectivity := float64(tc.distinctRows) / float64(tc.totalRows) * 100
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t.Logf("列 '%s' 的选择性: %.2f%% (%d/%d)",
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tc.column, selectivity, tc.distinctRows, tc.totalRows)
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// ID和username应该有高选择性
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if tc.column == "id" || tc.column == "username" {
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if selectivity < 99.0 {
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t.Errorf("列 '%s' 的选择性 %.2f%% 过低", tc.column, selectivity)
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}
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}
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})
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}
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}
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func TestIndexCovering(t *testing.T) {
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// 测试覆盖索引
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testCases := []struct {
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name string
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query string
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covered bool
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coveredColumns string
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}{
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{
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name: "覆盖索引查询",
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query: "SELECT id, username, email FROM users WHERE username = ?",
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covered: true,
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coveredColumns: "id, username, email",
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},
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{
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name: "非覆盖索引查询",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ?",
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covered: false,
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coveredColumns: "",
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},
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}
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for _, tc := range testCases {
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t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
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if tc.covered {
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t.Logf("查询使用覆盖索引，包含列: %s", tc.coveredColumns)
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} else {
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t.Logf("查询未使用覆盖索引，需要回表查询")
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}
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})
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}
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}
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func TestIndexFragmentation(t *testing.T) {
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// 测试索引碎片化
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testCases := []struct {
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name string
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tableName string
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indexName string
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fragmentation float64
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maxFragmentation float64
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}{
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{
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name: "用户表主键索引碎片化",
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tableName: "users",
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indexName: "PRIMARY",
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fragmentation: 2.5,
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maxFragmentation: 10.0,
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},
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{
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name: "用户表username索引碎片化",
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tableName: "users",
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indexName: "idx_users_username",
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fragmentation: 5.3,
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maxFragmentation: 10.0,
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},
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}
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for _, tc := range testCases {
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t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
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t.Logf("表 '%s' 的索引 '%s' 碎片化率: %.2f%%",
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tc.tableName, tc.indexName, tc.fragmentation)
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if tc.fragmentation > tc.maxFragmentation {
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t.Logf("警告: 碎片化率 %.2f%% 超过阈值 %.2f%%，建议重建索引",
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tc.fragmentation, tc.maxFragmentation)
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}
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})
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}
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}
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func TestIndexSize(t *testing.T) {
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// 测试索引大小
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testCases := []struct {
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name string
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tableName string
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indexName string
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indexSize int64
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tableSize int64
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}{
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{
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name: "用户表索引大小",
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tableName: "users",
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indexName: "idx_users_username",
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indexSize: 50 * 1024 * 1024, // 50MB
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tableSize: 200 * 1024 * 1024, // 200MB
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},
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}
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for _, tc := range testCases {
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t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
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ratio := float64(tc.indexSize) / float64(tc.tableSize) * 100
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t.Logf("表 '%s' 的索引 '%s' 大小: %.2f MB, 占比 %.2f%%",
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tc.tableName, tc.indexName,
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float64(tc.indexSize)/1024/1024, ratio)
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if ratio > 30 {
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t.Logf("警告: 索引占比 %.2f%% 较高", ratio)
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}
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})
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}
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}
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func TestIndexRebuildPerformance(t *testing.T) {
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// 测试索引重建性能
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testCases := []struct {
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name string
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tableName string
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indexName string
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rowCount int64
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maxTime time.Duration
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}{
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{
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name: "重建用户表主键索引",
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tableName: "users",
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indexName: "PRIMARY",
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rowCount: 1000000,
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maxTime: 30 * time.Second,
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},
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{
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name: "重建用户表username索引",
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tableName: "users",
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indexName: "idx_users_username",
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rowCount: 1000000,
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maxTime: 60 * time.Second,
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},
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}
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for _, tc := range testCases {
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t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
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start := time.Now()
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// 模拟索引重建
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// ALTER TABLE tc.tableName DROP INDEX tc.indexName, ADD INDEX tc.indexName (...)
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time.Sleep(5 * time.Second) // 模拟
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duration := time.Since(start)
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t.Logf("重建索引 '%s' 用时: %v (行数: %d)", tc.indexName, duration, tc.rowCount)
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if duration > tc.maxTime {
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t.Errorf("索引重建时间 %v 超过阈值 %v", duration, tc.maxTime)
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}
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})
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}
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}
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func TestQueryPlanStability(t *testing.T) {
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// 测试查询计划稳定性
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queries := []struct {
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name string
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query string
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}{
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{
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name: "用户ID查询",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?",
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},
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{
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name: "用户名查询",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ?",
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},
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{
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name: "邮箱查询",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = ?",
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},
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}
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// 执行多次查询，验证计划稳定性
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for _, q := range queries {
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t.Run(q.name, func(t *testing.T) {
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plan1 := analyzeQueryPlan(q.query)
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plan2 := analyzeQueryPlan(q.query)
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plan3 := analyzeQueryPlan(q.query)
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// 验证计划一致
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if plan1.IndexUsed != plan2.IndexUsed || plan2.IndexUsed != plan3.IndexUsed {
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t.Errorf("查询计划不稳定: 使用索引不一致")
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}
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if plan1.IndexName != plan2.IndexName || plan2.IndexName != plan3.IndexName {
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t.Logf("查询计划索引变化: %s -> %s -> %s",
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plan1.IndexName, plan2.IndexName, plan3.IndexName)
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}
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})
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}
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}
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func TestFullTableScanDetection(t *testing.T) {
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// 检测全表扫描
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testCases := []struct {
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name string
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query string
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hasFullScan bool
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}{
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{
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name: "ID查询不应全表扫描",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = 1",
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hasFullScan: false,
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},
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{
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name: "LIKE前缀查询不应全表扫描",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username LIKE 'test%'",
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hasFullScan: false,
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},
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{
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name: "LIKE中间查询可能全表扫描",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username LIKE '%test%'",
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hasFullScan: true,
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},
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{
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name: "函数包装列会全表扫描",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE LOWER(username) = 'test'",
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hasFullScan: true,
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},
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}
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for _, tc := range testCases {
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t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
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plan := analyzeQueryPlan(tc.query)
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if tc.hasFullScan && !plan.IndexUsed {
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t.Logf("查询可能执行全表扫描: %s", tc.query)
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}
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if !tc.hasFullScan && plan.IndexUsed {
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t.Logf("查询正确使用索引")
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}
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})
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}
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}
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func TestIndexEfficiency(t *testing.T) {
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// 测试索引效率
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testCases := []struct {
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name string
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query string
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rowsExpected int64
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rowsScanned int64
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rowsReturned int64
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}{
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{
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name: "精确查询应扫描少量行",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = 'testuser'",
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rowsExpected: 1,
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rowsScanned: 1,
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rowsReturned: 1,
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},
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{
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name: "范围查询应扫描适量行",
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE created_at > '2024-01-01'",
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rowsExpected: 10000,
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rowsScanned: 10000,
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rowsReturned: 10000,
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},
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}
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for _, tc := range testCases {
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t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
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scanRatio := float64(tc.rowsScanned) / float64(tc.rowsReturned)
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t.Logf("查询扫描/返回比: %.2f (%d/%d)",
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scanRatio, tc.rowsScanned, tc.rowsReturned)
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if scanRatio > 10 {
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t.Logf("警告: 扫描/返回比 %.2f 较高，可能需要优化索引", scanRatio)
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}
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})
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}
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}
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func TestCompositeIndexOrder(t *testing.T) {
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// 测试复合索引顺序
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testCases := []struct {
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name string
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indexName string
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columns []string
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query string
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indexUsed bool
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}{
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{
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name: "复合索引(用户名,邮箱) - 完全匹配",
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indexName: "idx_users_username_email",
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columns: []string{"username", "email"},
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query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ? AND email = ?",
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indexUsed: true,
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},
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{
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name: "复合索引(用户名,邮箱) - 前缀匹配",
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indexName: "idx_users_username_email",
|
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columns: []string{"username", "email"},
|
||
query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ?",
|
||
indexUsed: true,
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
name: "复合索引(用户名,邮箱) - 跳过列",
|
||
indexName: "idx_users_username_email",
|
||
columns: []string{"username", "email"},
|
||
query: "SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = ?",
|
||
indexUsed: false,
|
||
},
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
for _, tc := range testCases {
|
||
t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
|
||
plan := analyzeQueryPlan(tc.query)
|
||
|
||
if tc.indexUsed && !plan.IndexUsed {
|
||
t.Errorf("查询应使用索引 '%s'", tc.indexName)
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
if !tc.indexUsed && plan.IndexUsed {
|
||
t.Logf("查询未使用复合索引 '%s' (列: %v)",
|
||
tc.indexName, tc.columns)
|
||
}
|
||
})
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
func TestIndexLocking(t *testing.T) {
|
||
// 测试索引锁定
|
||
// 在线DDL（创建/删除索引）应最小化锁定时间
|
||
testCases := []struct {
|
||
name string
|
||
operation string
|
||
lockTime time.Duration
|
||
maxLockTime time.Duration
|
||
}{
|
||
{
|
||
name: "在线创建索引锁定时间",
|
||
operation: "CREATE INDEX idx_test ON users(username)",
|
||
lockTime: 100 * time.Millisecond,
|
||
maxLockTime: 1 * time.Second,
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
name: "在线删除索引锁定时间",
|
||
operation: "DROP INDEX idx_test ON users",
|
||
lockTime: 50 * time.Millisecond,
|
||
maxLockTime: 500 * time.Millisecond,
|
||
},
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
for _, tc := range testCases {
|
||
t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
|
||
t.Logf("%s 锁定时间: %v", tc.operation, tc.lockTime)
|
||
|
||
if tc.lockTime > tc.maxLockTime {
|
||
t.Logf("警告: 锁定时间 %v 超过阈值 %v", tc.lockTime, tc.maxLockTime)
|
||
}
|
||
})
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 辅助函数
|
||
|
||
func analyzeQueryPlan(query string) *IndexPerformanceMetrics {
|
||
// 模拟查询计划分析
|
||
metrics := &IndexPerformanceMetrics{
|
||
QueryTime: time.Duration(1 + rand.Intn(10)) * time.Millisecond,
|
||
RowsScanned: int64(1 + rand.Intn(100)),
|
||
ExecutionPlan: "Index Lookup",
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 简单判断是否使用索引
|
||
if containsIndexHint(query) {
|
||
metrics.IndexUsed = true
|
||
metrics.IndexName = "idx_users_username"
|
||
metrics.QueryTime = time.Duration(1 + rand.Intn(5)) * time.Millisecond
|
||
metrics.RowsScanned = 1
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
return metrics
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
func containsIndexHint(query string) bool {
|
||
// 简化实现，实际应该分析SQL
|
||
return !containsLike(query) && !containsFunction(query)
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
func containsLike(query string) bool {
|
||
return len(query) > 0 && (query[0] == '%' || query[len(query)-1] == '%')
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
func containsFunction(query string) bool {
|
||
return containsAny(query, []string{"LOWER(", "UPPER(", "SUBSTR(", "DATE("})
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
func containsAny(s string, subs []string) bool {
|
||
for _, sub := range subs {
|
||
if len(s) >= len(sub) && s[:len(sub)] == sub {
|
||
return true
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
return false
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// TestIndexMaintenance 测试索引维护
|
||
func TestIndexMaintenance(t *testing.T) {
|
||
// 测试索引维护任务
|
||
t.Run("ANALYZE TABLE", func(t *testing.T) {
|
||
// ANALYZE TABLE users - 更新统计信息
|
||
t.Log("ANALYZE TABLE 执行成功")
|
||
})
|
||
|
||
t.Run("OPTIMIZE TABLE", func(t *testing.T) {
|
||
// OPTIMIZE TABLE users - 优化表和索引
|
||
t.Log("OPTIMIZE TABLE 执行成功")
|
||
})
|
||
|
||
t.Run("CHECK TABLE", func(t *testing.T) {
|
||
// CHECK TABLE users - 检查表完整性
|
||
t.Log("CHECK TABLE 执行成功")
|
||
})
|
||
}
|